Background: Acute biliary pancreatitis (ABP) is a common subtype of acute pancreatitis, primarily caused by gallstones or biliary sludge obstructing the ampulla of Vater. Early prediction of disease severity is essential for effective management and improving outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between various laboratory parameters and the severity of ABP.

Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted on 50 patients diagnosed with ABP at a tertiary care hospital. Diagnosis was based on clinical presentation, elevated serum pancreatic enzymes, and imaging evidence of biliary pathology. Laboratory investigations included serum amylase, lipase, liver function tests, C-reactive protein (CRP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and total leukocyte count (TLC). Severity of pancreatitis was classified as mild, moderate, or severe according to the Revised Atlanta Classification. Statistical analyses were performed to assess the relationship between laboratory parameters and disease severity.

Results: Out of 50 patients, 64% were female, and the mean age was 53.04 ± 14.38 years. Most patients (54%) had mild pancreatitis, 40% moderate, and 6% severe. Serum amylase and lipase were elevated in all patients but did not correlate significantly with disease severity. In contrast, both TLC and CRP levels showed a significant positive correlation with increasing severity (p = 0.0003 and p < 0.0001, respectively). LDH levels were elevated but not significantly associated with severity.