Patch test, a gold contact dermatitis diagnostic aid

Mohamed Abdal Satar Hamid; Montaha Hameed Saleem; Adnan Hasan Al-Zuhairi

Patch test, a gold contact dermatitis diagnostic aid

authors
Mohamed Abdal Satar Hamid, Montaha Hameed Saleem, Adnan Hasan Al-Zuhairi

abstract
Back Ground: Contact Dermatitis (CD) is a common skin disorder marked by erythematous vesicular, pander or lichenified pruritic skin lesions. It is caused by direct contact of an agent to the skin. It can be caused either by irritant triggers in 80 percent of patient versus allergic triggers in the remaining 20 percent of patients ^[1]. It can be estimated more than 3700 Substances can act as contact allergen ^[2]. Patch testing is the gold standard for identification of contact allergen. The diagnosis of contact dermatitis is made from history physical examination & the result of patch testing ^[3]. Aim of the study: To know the most powerful allergen, frequency and percentage of substances that cause contact dermatitis and gender distribution of contact dermatitis & the positivity difference between each gender. Material and Method: A total of 103 patch positive patients were collected from 2 allergy private clinics at Mosul city those have contact dermatitis patients were male account 35 (33.9%) and female were 68 (66.1%), the study had been in the period from January 2018 to January 2019.The diagnosis of contact dermatitis patient was made by history physical examination and patch testing for 25 substances done to know the contact dermatitis causative allergy. The negative patch test result were excluded from the study in addition to Extremities of age, severely ill patients and steroid dependent patients. Result: This study showed that female positive tests were 93 (66.4%) which are more than male positive tests were 47 (33.5%). Nickel Sulphate agent was the commonest causative contact allergen which accounted (32.1%) followed by fragrance mix and lanolin alcohol were account (8.5%) for each of them followed by Mercapto mix (7.1%). Conclusion: Nickel Sulphate is the commonest material that causing allergic contact dermatitis followed by Fragrance mix. Female are more prone to contact dermatitis than male in number of patient & test positivity.

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